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让视频监控更环保更精简[中英对照]

在监控系统设计当中,对系统环境的影响是十分重要的考虑因素
资讯频道文章B

  Making video surveillance greener and leaner

  让视频监控更环保更精简

  Environmental implications are important considerations in surveillance system designs

  在监控系统设计当中,对系统环境的影响是十分重要的考虑因素

  Rising energy costs are compelling many organisations to optimise their computing environments. In fact, energy costs have quickly become the fastest growing operating cost, propelling many corporations to embark on new conservation and "green" initiatives. Marc Holtenhoff, CEO of Aimetis, explores ways to reduce energy consumption within video surveillance applications, that could pave the way for a ‘green' security industry.

  不断上涨的能源成本迫使越来越多的企业逐步优化它们的计算环境。事实上,能源成本已经迅速的成为增长最快的经营成本,这使得许多企业开始压缩开支并倡导“绿色”概念。安视首席执行官Marc Holtenhoff,与大家一起来探讨如何在视频监控应用中减少能源消耗,迈向“绿色”安防工业。

  Fortunately, green Information Technology (IT) not only helps the planet but reduces operational pressure. Green IT becomes even more important when video surveillance is taken into consideration. With the recent proliferation of CCTV systems, energy consumption from video surveillance has increased dramatically, resulting in higher total cost of ownership. However, as video surveillance transitions from proprietary "black box" DVR deployments towards IP deployments using commercial-off-the-shelf hardware, video surveillance becomes both greener and leaner.

  幸运的是,绿色信息技术(IT)不仅有利于地球环保,而且还降低了企业的经营压力。当视频监控被纳入环保考虑后,绿色IT比以往任何时候都显得重要了。随着目前CCTV系统的推广应用,来自视频监控的能源消费急剧增加,这导致企业和用户拥有设备的总成本更高。不过,随着视频监控使用现成的商用硬件由专有的“黑匣子”DVR部署向IP部署过渡,视频监控变得更环保更精简。

  Video surveillance energy consumption is largely attributed to the electrical power required to operate the video servers that are running the security cameras and storing vast amounts of recorded video data. However, electrical power usage is not a typical design criterion for CCTV, nor is it properly managed as an expense. This is likely because the billed electrical costs are not clearly linked to CCTV, and the electrical bill is not within the responsibility or the budget of the security group.

  视频监控的能源消耗很大程度上是由于运行安防摄像机和存储大量视频数据的视频服务对电源的要求。然而,电源使用量并不是CCTV设计的典型标准,也不是直接纳入支出管理。这可能是因为电力成本的计算并没有明确的与CCTV联系起来,电费成本不算入责任和安防管理组的预算。 

 注:译文著作权安防知识网所有,转载请无比注明文章来源及翻译作者      [nextpage]

  Electrical power consumption in CCTV

  CCTV的电源消耗

  With the recent proliferation of CCTV systems, energy consumption from video surveillance has increased dramatically

  随着最近的CCTV系统的推广应用,来自视频监控的能源消耗急剧增加

  The fact that most CCTV deployments today make inefficient use of the energy they consume is hardly a surprise. With industry research estimates that more than 50 percent of the energy used in the server room goes to power and cooling equipment rather than computations and processing, the true costs of running excess servers and storage are not well understood.

  事实上,今天绝大多数CCTV部署的能源利用率都不高,这并不奇怪。行业研究估计,机房当中超过50%的能源消耗来自于供电和制冷设备,而不是运算和处理,真正运行剩下服务器和存储的成本反而无法被了解到。

  Using IP surveillance solutions to reduce energy consumption

  使用IP监控解决方案以减少能源消耗

  With the above in mind, it goes without saying that when deploying a video surveillance system best efforts should be taken to reduce the number of servers required. This makes sense not only for the environment, but also for the pocket book. To this point, IP surveillance offers clear advantages over analogue CCTV or DVR deployments with significant savings as a result of sharing existing network infrastructure, computation and storage.

  鉴于上述情况,不言而喻,部署视频监控系统的最佳效果应该是减少所需服务器的数量。这对无论是系统环境,还是必要的花费来说都是很有意义的。在这一点上,IP监控比模拟CCTV或者DVR部署有明确的优势,它能分享现有的网络基础设施,而且大大节省了运算和存储成本。

  IP surveillance software plays an important role in helping to reduce the hardware footprint. Here are eight factors that contribute to a positive environmental and operational impact with IP surveillance software.

  IP监控软件在减少硬件方面扮演了重要角色。而影响构建积极的IP监控软件环境和运营的因素有以下八个:

  IP surveillance offers clear advantages over analogue CCTV or DVR deployments with significant savings

  IP监控比模拟CCTV或者DVR有明显的优势

  Camera density per server

  每个服务器的摄像机密度

  With CCTV deployments, typical security camera density ranges from 4 to 32 channels per DVR, and come in increments of 4 or 8 channels. Consequently, numerous physical servers are necessary since the total number of cameras exceeds one server. With IP video surveillance software, more than 200 surveillance cameras can be managed and recorded using a single, energy efficient server, which normally takes 2U of rack space (about half the typical rack space of a single 16 channel DVR).

  使用CCTV部署时,每个DVR的典型安防摄像机密度范围从4个到32个通道,并且要留出4或8个通道作为扩展。因此,当摄像机总数超出一台服务器的密度的时候,必需要增加物理服务器。采用IP视频监控软件的话,就可以用一台单独的、节能的服务器管理和记录超过200个监控摄像机,并且只占用2U的机架空间(大约是一个典型的独立16通道DVR机架空间的一半)。

  Take an example of a 70-camera deployment. In this scenario, three 4U DVRs can be replaced by one, industry-standard 2U server running Windows and video surveillance software. Consequently, energy consumption is reduced by more than $1000 per year when factoring savings from fewer servers and less cooling requirements. Better still, vital rack space is returned and re-usable for other projects.

  以一个70台摄像机的部署为例。在这种情况下,可以以一个行业标准的2U服务器取代三个4U DVR,来运行Windows和视频监控软件。因此,更少的服务器和制冷设备的需求使得每年能源消耗成本减少1000美元以上。更好的是,空余下来的机架空间可以重新在其他项目中使用。[nextpage]

  Virtualisation

  虚拟化

  One of the reasons that energy costs spiral can be found in the "one-to-one-to-one" hardware approach, where each server hosts only one operating system that, in turn, runs a single application. Not only are these environments expensive, but they also promote IT inefficiency, because multiple servers operate at a fraction of their computing capacity.

  在“一对一对一”的硬件方式中可以发现成本螺旋式的增加,这其中一个原因是,每个服务器主机只有一个操作系统,且只能按顺序每次运行一个单独的应用程序。不仅构建这些运行环境价格昂贵,而且它们也使得IT效率底下,因为好几台服务器在运作,却只能执行一小部分运算能力。

  This under-utilisation scenario is typical with deployments using DVRs. For example, supporting nine surveillance cameras may require the use of two 8-channel DVRs. However, both DVRs are typically operating with a CPU load of less than 10 percent.

  这种未充分利用的部署的典型例子就是用DVR来部署。比如,要支持九个监控摄像机可能要求用到两个8通道DVR。但是,这两个DVR通常各自的CPU负载都用不到十分之一。

  Most CCTV deployments today make inefficient use of the energy they consume

  今天绝大多数CCTV部署的能源利用效率不高

  This "one-to-one-to-one" hardware approach also unnecessarily increases software maintenance and support due to the sheer number of physical servers requiring software patches or hardware maintenance. Worse still, the risk of data loss is significant since not only is the cost of purchasing numerous back-up servers prohibitive, but the additional required rack space is non-existent, and the additional 400W of electricity required to support them further adds to operating costs and carbon emissions.

  这种“一对一对一”的硬件方式还增加了不必要的软件维护和支持,这归咎于绝对数量的物理服务器需要软件补丁或要进行硬件维护。从购买众多备份服务器让人望而却步,到额外的机架空间的要求困难,再到为保障未来增加的设备还要增加的额外400W供电要求,却又造成的运营成本和碳排放量。这些都让人困扰,更糟糕的是,还明显地存在着数据丢失的风险。

  With virtualisation technology, organisations can consolidate servers and easily reduce IT power requirements. A virtualised IT environment also dramatically decreases IT administration costs. For example, with only one physical server instead of two, server BIOS updates are cut in half, backups and disaster recovery becomes a fraction of the cost with fewer physical servers to protect and network ports are relinquished with fewer physical servers requiring connectivity to the network.

  采用虚拟技术,企业可以整合服务器并且轻松的减少IT供电需求。一个虚拟的IT环境同时大大降低了IT管理成本。举个例子,用一个物理服务器取代两个,服务器BIOS更新减少一半,而且需要保护的物理服务器少了,备份和应急恢复的成本也只有一小部分了;同时,减少了物理服务器联网的需要,也无需占用更多的网络端口。

  Typical analogue and DVR CCTV deployments cannot leverage the excess computing and storage capacity that virtualisation provides due to their proprietary nature. Conversely, a surveillance solution that uses open IP video management software product running on commercial-off-the-shelf hardware is able to benefit from virtualised computing environments, provided the video management software supports virtualisation technology. As a result, IP surveillance is not only better for the environment but substantially lowers costs.

  典型的模拟和DVR 的CCTV部署,由于其专有性,不能利用虚拟化后提供的多余的运算和存储能力。相反,在现有的商用硬件上使用开放的IP视频管理软件产品,且该视频管理软件支持虚拟技术的话,这样监控方案就能够受益于虚拟计算环境了。 因此,IP监控不仅对系统环境有好处,而且大大降低了成本。

  With virtualisation technology, organisations can consolidate servers and easily reduce IT power requirements

  使用虚拟技术,企业和组织可以整合服务并轻松的减少IT供电的需求[nextpage]

  Video analytics and reduced video storage

  视频分析与降低视频存储空间

  Video analytics can play a sizeable role in reducing video storage requirements by only recording when relevant activity occurs. This, in turn, reduces space and energy requirements. It should also be noted that video analytics are significantly more accurate at detecting relevant activity than video motion detection (VMD), which means less storage is wasted for false events.

  通过只对有关活动进行记录,视频分析可以在减少视频存储需求中扮演重要角色。这又同时减少了空间和能源的需求。还需要指出的是,视频分析在侦测相关活动方面明显的比视频运动侦测(VMD)来得更准确,这意味着因虚假事件而浪费的存储空间的减少。

  In a typical surveillance environment not using video analytics for event-based recording, the amount of storage required for 16 cameras, storing 24 fps at 640x480 resolution for 7 days using MPEG-4 is about 20GB per camera. Studies have shown in a difficult outdoor environment that using video analytics enabled results in storage savings of more than 50% as compared to DVRs using VMD.

  在一个不使用基于事件记录的视频分析的典型监控环境中,16台摄像机使用MPEG-4格式在640x480分辨率下以24fps进行记录,每台摄像机7天所需要的存储空间约为20G。研究结果表明在严峻的户外环境中使用视频分析的话,相较于使用VMD的DVR可以节省超过50%的存储空间。

  With video analytics, video recordings caused by irrelevant background noise is greatly reduced, resulting in less disk space required for the same 7-day period. Better still, video analytics also reduces rack space and electricity dedicated for storage.

  使用视频分析,由不相关的背景噪音引起的视频记录大大减少,从而减少相同7天周期内所需的磁盘空间。更妙的是,视频分析也大大减少机架空间和存储设备的专用供电。

  Unfortunately, in many cases video analytics is supplied by a different vendor than what was used for video recording. By adding an additional piece of hardware for analytics, which runs parallel to the existing recording product (such as a DVR or NVR), it undermines the green IT strategy by duplicating unnecessary hardware. By using a single software product for both video management and video analytics, users are able to take full advantage of the cost-saving benefits without the corresponding server increase for running analytics.

  不幸的是,在许多情况下视频分析是由不同的供应商来提供的,而不是我们所使用的视频存储设备的供应商。为了实现分析功能要增加额外的硬件,以与现有的存储产品(如DVR或NVR)一起运行,这样复制不必要的硬件的方法违背绿色IT战略。通过使用能同时进行视频管理和分析的单一软件产品,用户们可以在不增加相应的分析服务器的情况下,充分的享受节约成本的好处。

  Saving money via IP video surveillance is a welcome change from the pervasive mindset that green initiatives must be costly

  通过IP视频监控来节约资金从普遍心态上来看是一个受欢迎的转变,这改变了人们认为绿色行动成本昂贵的观念。

  Video compression with H.264

  以H.264格式进行视频压缩

  H.264 is the preferred video encoding compression standard capable of providing good video quality at substantially lower bit rates than previous standards. H.264 represents a 50% reduction in bandwidth and storage over MPEG-4 and an 80% reduction over MJPEG, which reduce hardware, space and power requirements.

  相对于以前的视频压缩标准来说,H.264是现在首选的标准,在保障视频质量的同时又大大降低了视频文件的比特率。采用H.264编码意味着比MPEG-4降低50%的带宽占用和存储空间,而比MJPEG编码方式则减少了80%。这些优点降低了对硬件、空间和电源需求。

  Green licensing

  绿色许可证

  Most video surveillance software vendors offer different license versions depending on surveillance requirements. The problem is that more often than not, the different software versions are unable to run on the same server. Users should ensure that each of the available license versions can be mixed and matched on a single server. This means that the end-user can choose to run analytics on selected surveillance cameras, and standard video management software on other cameras without the need to add additional servers.

  大多数视频监控软件供应商会根据监控需求提供不同的许可证版本。问题是,往往不同软件版本无法在同一个服务器上运行。用户应该确保每一个可用的许可证版本能够在一个单独的服务器上混合运行。这意味着终端用户无需添加额外的服务器,就可以选择在指定的监控摄像机上运行分析,而在其他在其他摄像机上运行标准视频管理软件。

  Power over Ethernet

  以太网供电(PoE)

  Power over Ethernet (PoE) is a technology for wired Ethernet local-area networks that allows the electrical current necessary for the operation of each device to be carried by the data cables rather than by power cords. This minimises the number of wires that must be strung in order to install the network. The result is lower cost, less downtime, easier maintenance and greater installation flexibility than with traditional wiring. Additionally, using PoE it is possible to provide the data required for network software to reduce enterprise energy consumption with better power allocation and management.

  以太网供电(PoE)是一种在有线局域网上运用的技术,它可以允许现有的设备通过数据线来供电而不是电源线。这样可以减少网络安装布线使用的线缆数。其结果是降低了成本,减少了停机时间,更易于维护且比传统布线有更好的灵活性。另外,使用PoE可以实现为网络软件提供数据请求,以更好的电源分配和管理来减少企业能源消耗。[nextpage]

  A recent study found that digital delivery reduced total tons of carbon emissions by 88%

  Remote surveillance and monitoring

  远程监控和监测

  Remote surveillance is an effective tool for eliminating unnecessary driving or flying to verify security alarms and track job-site progress. Consider a construction site that will often deploy cameras to protect against raw material theft. With video analytics, remote monitoring personnel can be notified of suspicious activity (e.g. perimeter breach) and verify the security alarm before sending a guard, or police to drive to the site. The same argument applies for corporate facility security as well.

  远程监控对于确认远方安防警报和跟踪工作现场而言是很有效率的工具,因为不必再开车和坐飞机带现场去了。可以考虑时常在建设工地部署摄像机来防止原材料被盗。使用视频分析,远程监控人员能够及时发现可疑的活动(比如工地有人侵入),并在保安和警察抵达现场前确认安防报警。远程监控同样也适用于对企业设施的安全防范。

  Online distribution

  在线发布

  A recent study found that digital delivery reduced total tons of carbon emissions by 88%. The elimination of transportation and packaging provides the greatest opportunity for carbon emissions reduction. By making products available online via digital download, vendors can eliminate nearly 100% of the carbon emissions associated with transportation, as shipping is not required. Additionally, without the need for packaging, online software distribution eliminates carbon emissions.

  最近的一项研究发现,数字传输可以减少88%的碳排放总量。运输和包装的减少为节能减排创造了条件。通过从网络上下载数字产品,由于不再需要航运,供应商几乎可以100%减少与运输相关的二氧化碳排放。此外,在线软件发布,因为没有包装的必要, 也为减少碳排放贡献不小。

  Additionally, remote surveillance can be used in place of management driving or flying to job-sites to track job-site progress. To put the benefit of remote surveillance into perspective, eliminating just one 50-mile drive, or one three-hour flight saves 88.2 and 1543 lbs. of carbon dioxide emissions, respectively.

  此外,远程监控能够运用到需要开车或搭飞机抵达工作现场跟踪作业进程的管理中。看看远程监控带来的好处,免去一个50英里的路程,或一个三小时的飞行航程的话,可以分别节省88.2和1543磅的二氧化碳排放量。

  Approaches to green security aren't costly

  通向绿色安防并不昂贵

  Incorporating the above mentioned eight approaches will enable you to both reduce energy consumption and the environmental impact. And saving money via IP video surveillance is a welcome change from the pervasive mindset that green initiatives must be costly. In fact, you can be both greener and leaner.

  结合以上提到的八个方法,将让您既能减少能源消耗又能降低环境影响。通过IP视频监控来节约资金从普遍心态来看是受欢迎的转变,这扭转了人们认为倡导绿色行动成本昂贵的观念。事实上,你可以做到既绿色又精简。

  注:译文著作权安防知识网所有,转载请无比注明文章来源及翻译作者

  Marc Holtenhoff

  CEO of Aimetis

  Marc Holtenhoff

  安视首席执行官

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